StudentsEducators

Anisotropic Thermal Expansion Materials

Anisotropic thermal expansion materials are substances that exhibit different coefficients of thermal expansion in different directions when subjected to temperature changes. This property is significant because it can lead to varying degrees of expansion or contraction, depending on the orientation of the material. For example, in crystalline solids, the atomic structure can be arranged in such a way that thermal vibrations cause the material to expand more in one direction than in another. This anisotropic behavior can impact the performance and stability of components in engineering applications, particularly in fields like aerospace, electronics, and materials science.

To quantify this, the thermal expansion coefficient α\alphaα can be expressed as a tensor, where each component represents the expansion in a particular direction. The general formula for linear thermal expansion is given by:

ΔL=L0⋅α⋅ΔT\Delta L = L_0 \cdot \alpha \cdot \Delta TΔL=L0​⋅α⋅ΔT

where ΔL\Delta LΔL is the change in length, L0L_0L0​ is the original length, α\alphaα is the coefficient of thermal expansion, and ΔT\Delta TΔT is the change in temperature. Understanding and managing the anisotropic thermal expansion is crucial for the design of materials that will experience thermal cycling or varying temperature conditions.

Other related terms

contact us

Let's get started

Start your personalized study experience with acemate today. Sign up for free and find summaries and mock exams for your university.

logoTurn your courses into an interactive learning experience.
Antong Yin

Antong Yin

Co-Founder & CEO

Jan Tiegges

Jan Tiegges

Co-Founder & CTO

Paul Herman

Paul Herman

Co-Founder & CPO

© 2025 acemate UG (haftungsbeschränkt)  |   Terms and Conditions  |   Privacy Policy  |   Imprint  |   Careers   |  
iconlogo
Log in

Neural Architecture Search

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is a method used to automate the design of neural network architectures, aiming to discover the optimal configuration for a given task without manual intervention. This process involves using algorithms to explore a vast search space of possible architectures, evaluating each design based on its performance on a specific dataset. Key techniques in NAS include reinforcement learning, evolutionary algorithms, and gradient-based optimization, each contributing to the search for efficient models. The ultimate goal is to identify architectures that achieve superior accuracy and efficiency compared to human-designed models. In recent years, NAS has gained significant attention for its ability to produce state-of-the-art results in various domains, such as image classification and natural language processing, often outperforming traditional hand-crafted architectures.

Vector Control Of Ac Motors

Vector Control, also known as Field-Oriented Control (FOC), is an advanced method for controlling AC motors, particularly induction and synchronous motors. This technique decouples the torque and flux control, allowing for precise management of motor performance by treating the motor's stator current as two orthogonal components: flux and torque. By controlling these components independently, it is possible to achieve superior dynamic response and efficiency, similar to that of a DC motor.

In practical terms, vector control involves the use of sensors or estimators to determine the rotor position and current, which are then transformed into a rotating reference frame. This transformation is typically accomplished using the Clarke and Park transformations, allowing for control strategies that manage both speed and torque effectively. The mathematical representation can be expressed as:

id=I⋅cos⁡(θ)iq=I⋅sin⁡(θ)\begin{align*} i_d &= I \cdot \cos(\theta) \\ i_q &= I \cdot \sin(\theta) \end{align*}id​iq​​=I⋅cos(θ)=I⋅sin(θ)​

where idi_did​ and iqi_qiq​ are the direct and quadrature current components, respectively, and θ\thetaθ represents the rotor position angle. Overall, vector control enhances the performance of AC motors by enabling smooth acceleration, precise speed control, and improved energy efficiency.

Backward Induction

Backward Induction is a method used in game theory and decision-making, particularly in extensive-form games. The process involves analyzing the game from the end to the beginning, which allows players to determine optimal strategies by considering the last possible moves first. Each player anticipates the future actions of their opponents and evaluates the outcomes based on those anticipations.

The steps typically include:

  1. Identifying the final decision points and their possible outcomes.
  2. Determining the best choice for the player whose turn it is to move at those final points.
  3. Working backward to earlier points in the game, considering how previous decisions influence later choices.

This method is especially useful in scenarios where players can foresee the consequences of their actions, leading to a strategic equilibrium known as the subgame perfect equilibrium.

Cancer Genomics Mutation Profiling

Cancer Genomics Mutation Profiling is a cutting-edge approach that analyzes the genetic alterations within cancer cells to understand the molecular basis of the disease. This process involves sequencing the DNA of tumor samples to identify specific mutations, insertions, and deletions that may drive cancer progression. By understanding the unique mutation landscape of a tumor, clinicians can tailor personalized treatment strategies, often referred to as precision medicine.

Furthermore, mutation profiling can help in predicting treatment responses and monitoring disease progression. The data obtained can also contribute to broader cancer research, revealing common pathways and potential therapeutic targets across different cancer types. Overall, this genomic analysis plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of cancer biology and improving patient outcomes.

Edmonds-Karp Algorithm

The Edmonds-Karp algorithm is an efficient implementation of the Ford-Fulkerson method for computing the maximum flow in a flow network. It uses Breadth-First Search (BFS) to find the shortest augmenting paths in terms of the number of edges, ensuring that the algorithm runs in polynomial time. The key steps involve repeatedly searching for paths from the source to the sink, augmenting flow along these paths, and updating the capacities of the edges until no more augmenting paths can be found. The running time of the algorithm is O(VE2)O(VE^2)O(VE2), where VVV is the number of vertices and EEE is the number of edges in the network. This makes the Edmonds-Karp algorithm particularly effective for dense graphs, where the number of edges is large compared to the number of vertices.

Endogenous Money Theory Post-Keynesian

Endogenous Money Theory (EMT) within the Post-Keynesian framework posits that the supply of money is determined by the demand for loans rather than being fixed by the central bank. This theory challenges the traditional view of money supply as exogenous, emphasizing that banks create money through lending when they extend credit to borrowers. As firms and households seek financing for investment and consumption, banks respond by generating deposits, effectively increasing the money supply.

In this context, the relationship can be summarized as follows:

  • Demand for loans drives money creation: When businesses want to invest, they approach banks for loans, prompting banks to create money.
  • Interest rates are influenced by the supply and demand for credit, rather than being solely controlled by central bank policies.
  • The role of the central bank is to ensure liquidity in the system and manage interest rates, but it does not directly control the total amount of money in circulation.

This understanding of money emphasizes the dynamic interplay between financial institutions and the economy, showcasing how monetary phenomena are deeply rooted in real economic activities.